Acting
Costumes and Makeup
The costumes used in kabuki were very flamboyant and extravagant with many bold colors and patterns. Wigs were essential to kabuki and each costume had it’s own type of wig. Makeup in kabuki was also very important. Makeup in kabuki was commonly called kesho and it featured pure white makeup on the whole face. Lips and eyebrows had to be painted on top of the white because the white covered them up. There were two types of kesho, one was the standard used for normal actors and actresses, and there was also “kumadori” which was only used for powerful heroes or villains. Kumadori makeup typically had bolder colors painted on. Kumadori was used to point out to the audience certain things about the characters. For example, red lines signified to the audience that the character was virtuous, passionate, and/or powerful and blue lines typically meant jealousy and fear.
The two most famous and influential Kabuki actors were Ichikawa Danjuro (1660-1704) and Sakata Tojuro (1647-1709). Both created their own styles that became very popular in their regions. Ichikawa Danjuro was influenced by a bunraku play involving a hero named Kimpira. He also adapted many bunraku plays into kabuki plays. His acting style was called “aragoto” which means rough business. He typically played roles featuring action and adventure. This style of acting became very popular in Edo. Sakata Tojuro invented a style called “wagoto” which means soft business. This style was more intimate and feminine. His style was very popular in his city of Kansai.

Kumadori Makeup